What is Percent Error?
Percent error is a calculation that compares your experimental value to a known true value, expressing the difference as a percentage. It provides a standardized way to assess the accuracy of measurements regardless of scale.
How to Calculate Percent Error
The percent error formula is:
[\text{Percent Error} = \left( \frac{|\text{True Value} - \text{Observed Value}|}{|\text{True Value}|} \right) \times 100]
Where:
- True Value is the accepted or known value in the scientific community
- Observed Value is the value you measured or found in your experiment
Calculation Example
Suppose you're measuring the weight of an element that should weigh exactly 20kg. Your scale reads 19.95kg.
Using the formula:
[\text{Percent Error} = \left( \frac{|20 - 19.95|}{20} \right) \times 100 = 0.25%]
A 0.25% error indicates a highly accurate measurement.
Importance of Percent Error
- Enhances Reliability: Quantifies how much results deviate from expected values
- Facilitates Comparisons: Provides a standardized method to compare accuracy across different measurements
- Identifies Systematic Errors: High percent errors may indicate problems with measurement processes
Applications
Medicine and Healthcare
Percent error ensures medication dosages are accurate and diagnostic equipment is properly calibrated.
Engineering and Construction
Engineers use percent error to verify material estimates, ensure structural integrity, and maintain quality control.