What is Minimum Focus Distance and Why Should You Care?
Minimum Focus Distance (MFD) is the closest distance at which your camera lens can focus on a subject while maintaining a sharp image. Understanding MFD helps photographers avoid blurry close-up shots and achieve crystal-clear detail.
Whether you're a portrait photographer, product shooter, or macro enthusiast, knowing your lens's MFD is essential for getting the shots you want.
How to Calculate Minimum Focus Distance
The formula for calculating minimum focus distance is:
[\text{MFD (mm)} = \text{Focal Length (mm)} \times 4 + \text{Distance Between Nodal Points (mm)}]
Where:
- MFD is the minimum focus distance in millimeters
- Focal Length is the lens focal length in millimeters
- Distance Between Nodal Points is the space between the lens's principal points
Calculation Example
For a lens with a 50mm focal length and 20mm nodal point distance:
[\text{MFD} = 50 \times 4 + 20 = 200 + 20 = 220 \text{ mm}]
The minimum focus distance is 220mm, or about 8.7 inches.
Typical Minimum Focus Distances
| Lens Type | Typical MFD |
|---|---|
| 50mm Prime | 450mm |
| 85mm Portrait | 850mm |
| 100mm Macro | 300mm |
| 24-70mm Zoom | 380mm |
| 70-200mm Telephoto | 1200mm |
Tips for Close-Up Photography
- Use a dedicated macro lens for the shortest MFD
- Extension tubes can reduce MFD on any lens
- Close-up filters offer an affordable option for closer focusing
- Consider working distance for lighting and subject comfort